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It would appear that fluoride increases the uptake of lead into the blood, or in particular, one of the chemicals that we use, the most frequently used chemical to fluoridate is not sodium fluoride but hexafluorosilicic acid, silicon fluorides, and these silicon fluorides seem to form a complex with lead. Anyway, when you're using silicon fluorides, the epidemiology, using the silicon fluorides for fluoridating, there's a higher increase in lead levels in the blood. It seems to increase the uptake of lead from any source, environmental source, lead paint or whatever, increases the uptake from the gut into the bloodstream. That's very serious indeed. Now, that was two large epidemiological studies. Recently, there was an animal study that tested this on rats. They fed the rats lead acetate and they got one level in the blood and then they gave the other rats lead acetate and hexafluorosilic acid and lo and behold, like a six-fold increase in the amount of lead in the blood and dentine and so on. In addition to all of that, fluoride has, as I said, the ability to form these complexes and the concern is it will suck metals out of various combinations like could it help to suck the mercury out of mercury amalgams in the mouth if you're drinking fluoridated water or you're swishing fluoride or you're using fluoridated toothpaste. Maybe that helps to erode the mercury from the amalgam. Lead pipes, maybe fluoride helps to get lead out of the pipes or even the brass fittings. There's been a study which shows that fluoride in combination with chloramine and other chlorinating agents seems to facilitate the solution of lead from pipe joints and also we know that if you boil water in an aluminum saucepan, if you're using fluoridated water, more aluminum goes into solution. There's all these worrying ways that fluoride can make the situation worse with metals which already are a question mark. you